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tag: female,
male, commercial, floating, street, sex workers, aids, hiv, csws, idus, fsws,
girls, women, consensual, premarital, exmarital, sexuality, empowerment,
gender, education, prevention, dhaka, india, pakistan, bangladesh,
adolescent, teen, teenage, truck drivers. trafficking, epidemic, street
girls, knowledge, young people, discrimination, nonconsensual, coerced sex,
sexual partners, safe sex, sexually transmitted diseases, stds, stis, sexual
abuse, forced sex, risky sexual behaviour, business, multi partner sex,
heterosexual, injection, intravenous drugs users,
prostitution,
men who have sex with men, msm, harassment, sugar daddies, relationships,
condom, polygamy, homosexuality, extra marital, relations, truckers, migrant
workers, gay, hijras, hermaphrodites, professional blood donors, heroin
smokers, hotel, brothel, street based commercial sex workers, casual sex
workers, so called sex workers, violence, exploitation, Rainbow Nari O
Shishu Kallyan Foundation, Mohammad Khairul Alam
Mohammad Khairul
Alam
Executive Director
Rainbow Nari O
Shishu Kallyan Foundation
24/3 M.C. Roy Lane
Dhaka-122
Bangladesh
rainbowngo@gmail.com
www.newsletter.com.bd
Tell: 880-2-8628908
Mobile: 01711344997
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HIV/AIDS Tips
Sexual Violence, Rape, and
Child Abuse Can Make Vulnerable for HIV/AIDS
Consensual sex is Increasing; it would become Vulnerable of HIV/AIDS
Social Cultural Make Women More Likely to Contract HIV Infection than Men
The HIV/AIDS Epidemic has
been Fuelled by Gender Inequality
Commercial Sex Trade in
Dhaka
City
Adolescent Knowledge of
Sexuality And HIV/AIDS
AIDS, A Disease Largely of
Poverty
AIDS Run First in
Pakistan
HIV/AIDS Situation of
Bangladesh
AIDS in Asia and
Bangladesh
AIDS in
India:
Sex Workers and Truck Drivers are playing vital roles
Life of Mobile sex workers
and great issue of AIDS
Stop Girls Trafficking to
Prevent AIDS
HIV/AIDS – A Challenge
for Human Development
Street Sex Workers are
Vulnerable HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh
Adolescent Sexuality,
Gender Discrimination and AIDS
Combating HIV/AIDS in
Bangladesh
Introduction
In 1983, scientists in France led by Luc Montagnier,
first discovered the virus that causes AIDS (Barré-Sinoussi et al., 1983).
They called it lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV). A year later, Robert
Gallo of the United States, confirmed the discovery of the virus, and they
named it human T lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) (Popovic et al.,
1984). In 1986, both names were dropped in favour of the term human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Coffin, 1986).
HIV is a member of the genus lentivirus (ICTVdb
Descriptions, 61.0.6), part of the family of retroviridae (ICTVdb
Descriptions, 61). Lentiviruses have many common morphologies and biological
properties. Many species are infected by lentiviruses, which are
characteristically responsible for long duration illnesses associated with a
long period of incubation (Lévy, 1993). Lentiviruses are transmitted as
single-stranded negatively-sensed enveloped RNA viruses. Upon infection of
the target-cell, the viral RNA genome is converted to double-stranded DNA by
a virally encoded reverse transcriptase which is present in the virus
particle. This viral DNA is then integrated into the cellular DNA for
replication using cellular machinery. Once the virus enters the cell, two
pathways are possible: either the virus becomes latent and the infected cell
continues to function or the virus becomes active, replicates and a large
number of virus particles are liberated which can infect other cells.
Two species of HIV infect humans: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1
is the more virulent and easily transmitted, and is the source of the
majority of HIV infections throughout the world; HIV-2 is largely confined
to west Africa (Reeves and Doms, 2002). Both species originated in west and
central Africa, jumping from primates to humans in a process known as
zoonosis. HIV-1 has evolved from a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpz)
found in the chimpanzee subspecies, Pan troglodyte troglodyte (Gao et
al., 1999). HIV-2 crossed species from a different strain of SIV, found in
sooty mangabeys, an old world monkey of Guinea-Bissau (Reeves and Doms,
2002).
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